Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is an acute neurological condition characterized by a clinical triad of ophthalmoplegia with nystagmus, ataxia, and confusion. This is a life-threatening illness caused by thiamine deficiency, which mainly affects the peripheral and central nervous systems. Although it may be caused due to various other causes which include severe malnutrition, hyperemesis gravidarum, prolonged parenteral nutrition, malignancies, immunodeficiency syndromes, liver disease, hyperthyroidism, and severe anorexia nervosa. Chronic alcohol consumption can cause thiamine deficiency due to impaired absorption of thiamine from the intestine. The mainstay of treatment of WE is the administration of thiamine. The standard recommendation is 200 mg, 3 times per day.